Alternating treatments design: one strategy for comparing the effects of two treatments in a single subject. Self-injurious behavior: a behavioral analysis. Eliminating self-injurious behavior by educative procedures. Azrin NH, Gottlieb L, Hughart L, Wesolowski MD, Rahn T.Elimination of a child's excessive scratching by training the mother in reinforcement procedures. The extinction of a self-injurious behavior in an epileptic child. Links to PubMed are also available for Selected References. Get a printable copy (PDF file) of the complete article (1.9M), or click on a page image below to browse page by page.
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These data are discussed in light of previously suggested hypotheses for the motivation of self-injury, with particular emphasis on their implications for the selection of suitable treatments. However, in six of the nine subjects, higher levels of self-injury were consistently associated with a specific stimulus condition, suggesting that within-subject variability was a function of distinct features of the social and/or physical environment. Results showed a great deal of both between and within-subject variability. Each condition differed along one or more of the following dimensions: (1) play materials (present vs absent), (2) experimenter demands (high vs low), and (3) social attention (absent vs noncontingent vs contingent).
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The self-injurious behaviors of nine developmentally disabled subjects were observed during periods of brief, repeated exposure to a series of analogue conditions. This study describes the use of an operant methodology to assess functional relationships between self-injury and specific environmental events.